Cow

Cow has economic value, but not sacred yet.

Cattle was the most imp economic wealth of Aryans. Importance of cattle was highlighted in many ways w/ many terms in Rig Veda.

  • Gopa: Cow 🐄
  • Gopajaya: Master of Cow
  • Gavisthi: search for cow
  • Gothuma: Wheat (which emerges from cowdung)
  • Duhitri: milcher of cow
  • Godhuli: Measurement of time-dusk (when cow returns to stable)
  • Aghanya: not to be killed (i.e. cow)
  • Goghana: one who eats cow meat (also refers to most imp guest)

Most imp work of chieftain of Aryan community was to protect cattle.

Agriculture

  • usage of agri commodities
    • Yava: Barley 🍾
    • Godhuma: Wheat 🌾

Metals

  • used gold, called Nishka
  • smelted copper to create good quality bronze tools

Taxation

  • no formal taxation
  • voluntary contribution to chieftain: Bhaga & Bali