- in 712AD, a ship of Muhammad Bin Kasim of Saudi Arabia was looted closer to Deval port of Sindh
- to take revenge, Kasim attacked Sindh successive fight w/ ruler of Sindh Dahir
- Raja Dahir killed estd. rule of Ummayid Dynasy in Sindh
- Muhammad Bin Kasim was killed by caliphate
- his generals and commanders were expelled from India by Pratihara Gurjara