EU has recently launched a Red Sea mission named Mission Aspides, which aims to protect shipping in the Red Sea region from Yemen’s Houthi rebels.
Exercise DOSTI
- trilateral coast guard exercise ➡️ biennial
- India
- Maldives
- Sri Lanka
12 MP’s re-elected from 2004-2019 have criminal cases
- acc to ADR report
Press Sewa Portal
- ease of doing business
- complete automation & simplification of newspaper registration
On Financial Devolution among States
Article 270
- scheme of distribution of net tax proceeds collected by the Union
- b/w center & state
- corp. tax
- personal income tax
- central GST Center’s share of IGST
- b/w center & state
Article 280 ➡️ FC
- share of taxes
- grants in aid
Constitution of FC
- exclusively by Union Govt
Basis of allocation
- income distance
- population
- 15th FC ➡️ 2011 census
- 14th FC ➡️ 1971 census
- forest and ecology
- demographic performance
- tax effort ➡️ reward to higher tax collecting states
Issues
- cess & surcharge collected
- 23% of gross tax receipts for 2024-25
- not under divisible pool
- higher weightage to income gap & needs rather than efficiency
Way Ahead
- states generate 40% of revenue & bear 60% of expenditure
- enlarging the divisible pool
- including some part of cess and surcharges
- participation of states in forming the FC
- reward to efficiency
- upholding fiscal federalism
G-33
- coalition of developing nations known as the “Friends of Special Products”.
- currently 47 member nations
- India, China ➡️ members
- The group has “defensive” concerns regarding agriculture in relation to WTO negotiations and seeks to limit the degree of market opening required of developing countries.
Exercise ‘DHARMA GUARDIAN’ 2024
- India, Japan
- annual
General Diary
- Section 44 of the Police Act, 1861
FIR
- Start of investigation– The investigation commences only after the FIR is filed.
- The term FIR is not specified in the Indian Penal Code (IPC), the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) of 1973, or any other legislation. However, within police regulations or rules, information documented under Section 154 of the CrPC is referred to as the First Information Report (FIR).
What is the basic difference between FIR and General Diary (GD)?
| Aspect | First Information Report (FIR) | General Diary (GD) |
| Transmittal obligation | A copy of every FIR is forwarded to the higher-ranking officers and the relevant Judicial Magistrate. | GD copy not sent to Magistrate; but sent to higher officer. Magistrate can inspect if necessary. |
| Signature requirement of complainant | The complainant’s signature is taken in the FIR Book when the complaint is submitted to the police station. | Their is no such requirement. |
| Copy to complainant | In the case of F.I.R., a copy of these will be provided to the complainant. | It is an internal police record, not required to be provided to the complainant. |
Public Order v/s Law&Order
| Public Order | L & O |
|---|---|
| - country | - only affect few individuals |
SC
Inability on the part of State’s police machinery to tackle ‘law & order’ situation should not be an excuse to invoke the jurisdiction of preventive detention
PMLA
- u/ Article 253 (intl. treaties)
- based on UNGA resolution
- Political Declaration & Global Programme of Action
Prelims Specific points for Speaker pro tem
- Pro-tem ➡️ temporary/time being
- term NOT in Constitution or rules of LS
- found in the Handbook on working of MoPA
- tradition ➡️ to select snr most member
- oath by Presi
- oath to other MP’s
- presides over election of speaker
- date fixed by Presi
- election of deputy speaker fixed by Speaker
Armenia becomes the latest state to recognize Palestine
YEREVAN
Capital of Armenia
- other countries that recognized recently
- Spain
- Ireland
- Norway