Is CAA a Law

Initially not law

• two cases with same judgement
  • Shankari Prasand Case 1951
  • Sajjan Singh v State of Raj 1965

IC Goloknath 1967 - CAA now law

• Fundamental Rights sacrosanct
  • 👎 reduces FR to static doc if FR not amenable
• CAA is law $⟹$ judicial review possible

24th CAA 1971 - CAA no JR

• Govt: “Court said CAA is law, so lets explicitly disallow judicial review 😈“
• 13(4): CAA no JR under 13(2)
• 368(3): no CAA subject to JR

25th CAA 1971 - DPSP laws

• 31C: no law giving effect to DPSP can be questioned under Article 14, 19 or 31

29th CAA 1972 - Kerala Land Reform

• Kerala Land Reforms Act 1969 added to Schedule IX
• leads to Keshavananda Bharti Case 1973 (KBC 😎💰)

KBC 1973 💰

• gave birth to Basic Structure Doctrine
• FR now amenable with implicit limitations set by basic structure

IR Coelho 2007 - unprotect Sch IX

• any law after 24 Apr 1973 does not enjoy complete protection by Schedule IX