Beginnings
- trade done by a govt company
- began trade with S India
- set up trade centre in many parts
- main base around Surat
- Alfonso Albuquerque captured Goa in 1510 from Bijapur
- Bombay was captured in 1534 from Sultan of Guj.
- Portuguese dominated intl. trade of East India i.e. region to east of Cape of Good Hope, for 100 years
- used Hooghly as a base for piracy in Bay of Bengal
Bluewater Policy
- India has strong land powers already ∴ Portuguese did not seek pol empire; limited to dominating ocean, oceanic trade (Goa an exception)
- did armed trade, engaged in piracy, dominated ocean passages
- allowed passages only after payment of licence fee
- regularly raided Arab traders
- threatened Mughal ships ∴ forcing Mughals to give trade benefits in form of
- lower duties
- perms to set up centers in India
- religious fanatic
- brutal forced conversions (in Goa)
Portuguese v British
- Captain Hawkins of East India Company wanted to open factor in Surat
- realized Portuguese main base in Surat
- gotta defeat Portuguese 😡
- 1612: EIC got naval victory in Surat (after 12 years of inception!)
- led to EIC Advent In India
- Treaty of White Hall 1661: Brit to protect Portuguese in war
- Marriage Treaty 1661: King Charles II got Bombay in dowry (dahej?? 😟)
- 1688: EIC got Bombay on rent of 10 pound per annum
- ∴ by mid 17th century, Portuguese limited to Goa, Daman & Diu, Dadar & Nagar Haveli