the shift away from Orientalism was a major contributor to 1857 revolt.
fulfilling White Man’s Burden
Industrial Revolution (1750-1850) led to rise of machine based factories and now Brit wants to use India as a source of cheap raw materials and export market for finished Brit goods
high pressure from manufacturers and free traders to end EIC monopoly
Adam Smith (the capitalist) argued for free market
opening India to non EIC business would westernize india and Brit gets power
Changes on Side of British State
undoubted sovereignty over Indian territorial possessions
monopoly of EIC with India ended
EIC still maintained monopoly trade with China for Tea, Opium
Cultural Colonialism
Goal: moral & spiritual development of India 🧐
push for western education, social reforms, Christianity
EIC to spend 1L/yr for in india for Western English edu
entry of Christian missionaries allowed by taking licence from CoD or from BoC