Started by Tilak and Annie Besant. Not INC.
Tilak’s HRL was Maharashtra focused. More effective, but concentrated in a specific region. Annie’s HRL was more widespread.
Story
- education on home rule/ swaraj within empire
- to revive INM, Tilak wanted extremist entry into the INC and to prevent brit repression
- declared Swaraj is equal to self government within, not Purna Swaraj
- violence has hurt progress of INM
- to support the british war effort and show loyalty to crown
- In 1914, Besant joined the INC. Inspired by Irish Home Rule Movement and headed the Theosophical Society with HQ in Madras
- tried re-entry of extremists in the INC
- 1915: Bombay session - re-entry decision (as Mehta dead). Actual reentry in 1916 Lucknow session
- But INC did not agree to HRL
- in April 1916, Tilak estd. Indian Home Rule League
- September 1916, Besant estd. All India Home Rule League
- Gandhi president in 1920, changed name to Swarajya Sabha
- both cooperated, but not so much to be one
- Tilak demanded education in vernacular
- linguistic reorganization of the provinces for
- good governance
- improvement in functioning of INC govt
- i.e. better organization of masses in future mvnts
- less factionalism for party posts, tickets
- demanded self governance
- because Indian national interests opposed colonial interests
- not because Brits Christians
Tilak and religious nationalism
Tilak started off with high use of (Hindu) religious nationalism. But once he got the movement against British started, he reduced usage of (Hindu) religious nationalism.
Tilak
If God tolerates untouchability then won’t recognize him as God.
- God Ganpati was worshiped by both upper caste and lower caste
- started Ganpati Festival in 1893
see also: