- Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 replacing IPC 1860
- Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 replacing CrCP 1973
- Bharitya Sakshaya Bill 2023 replacing Indian Evidence Act 1872
- address large pendency in courts
- 4.7cr cases pending in courts (as per Union Law Minister)
- timely justice delivery by simplifying legal procedures
- increasing conviction rates
- criminal justice system has been evolving across time in all regions of world
- erasing colonial legacy
BNS 2023
- IPC formed after Indian Law Commission set up under Charter Act 1833
- focus
- strengthen law and order
- simplifying legal procedure
- make laws relevant to contemporary situation
Major provisions
- removes Sedition (Sec 124A IPC) and instead penalises separatist activities
- Terrorism is added as offence
- Organized crime added as offence
Potential Impact
- Subjective interpretation
- enhanced policing powers
- delays in existing trials due to bombardment of interpretation related cases
BNSS 2023
Major provisions
- first time offenders will be released on bail if completed 1/3 of max imprisonment
- e-trial
- medical examination of accussed
- mandates forensic investigation
- allows collecting signature and finger impression even if not arrested
Potential impact
- timely delivery of justice
- fairness in investigation
- tech integration
- inc detection period
BSB 2023
Major provisions
- digital records as evidence
- oral evidence can be given eletronically
- joint trials
Potential impact
- expansion in use of e-evidence
- issues of privacy