-
Less rainfall
- western part of Rajasthan is arid
- semi arid
- southern parts of Punjab & Haryana
- Eastern Rajasthan
- Northern parts of Gujarat
- interior parts of Peninsular India
- except Dandkaniyar Plateau region
- What can be done?
-
Inability to store water
-
Polluted surface-water bodies
- excessive pollutant load
- E.g.:
- Yamuna in Delhi
- Ganga in Kanpur
- Though, Perennial Rivers but still polluted
- weakened e-flow
-
Unfit groundwater
- inferior quality due to Urban Centralization
- open dumpyards
-
Unsustainable cropping pattern
- Crop Classification
- What can be done?
- Millet Cultivation
- Cropping Pattern to be checked
-
Chemical Fertilizers
- readily soluble in water
- easily taken up by plant roots
- can also enter ground water
- seeping of urea to groundwater in
- Punjab
- Haryana
- surface runoff ➡️ water bodies
- nutritional enrichment of water bodies
- Eutrophication
- algal bloom
- What can be done?
-
Irrigation
- Issues in furrow irrigation
- What can be done?
- PM KSY- Krishi Sinchai Yojana
- more crop per drip
- NWDPRA
Reducing Water Stress
Future Predictions
- water stress may increase due to
- mismanagement of water resources
- increased population led by base effect
Case Study