• belied that Gupta were feudatory of Kushanas
  • Sri Gupta in mid 3rd Century AD, founded this dynasty
  • followed by his son Ghatotkatcha

Chandragupta I

  • regarded as real founder of Gupta Dynasty based in Prayag
  • took title of Maharajadhiraj
  • married Kumardevi of Licchavi
    • to celebrate his marriage, special types of Kumardevi Coins minted
    • first time in indian history, coins were issued with image of a king along with queens
    • on reverse side of coin, Three Forms of Shakti
      • Parvati
      • Saraswati
      • Lakshmi

Samudragupta (SG) (335 AD-375 AD)

  • second Chakravarty Samrat
  • court poet Harisena wrote the Prayag Prashasthi
    • highly eulogized SG
    • wrote that SG won 100 battles and was never defeated
    • added that SG was prolific poet & musician
  • deep believer in hinduism
    • performed 2 Ashwamedh Yajna
    • generous & accommodating
  • acc to Chinese records, he funded & supported Sri Lankan ruler Meghvarman to create a Buddhist Monastery in Bodh Gaya
  • further started tradition of creating Simhavahini (goddes durga on lion)

Chandragupta II

  • defeated western branch of Sakas
    • took title of Vikramaditya
  • created second capital of Guptas at Ujjain
  • regarded as most enlightened ruler of Gupta History
  • during his tenure, there was holistic development in fields of
    • art
    • architecture
    • religious literature
    • sanskrit literature
    • astrology
    • astronomy
    • mathematics
    • medicine
  • regarded as golden age of art & architecture
  • maintained 9 luminaries (Navratnas) in his court eg
    • Kalidasa
    • Amarsimha
    • Vararuchi
    • Varahmihira
    • Dhanvantri
  • followed policy of matrimonial alliances
    • married Kubernaga from north east
    • gave the hand of his daughter to Prabhavati to Vakataka ruler Rudrasena
  • The Vakataka areas was ruled under guidance of Chandragupta II
  • during his tenure, Fa-Hien visited india and mentioned his experiences in the book Fu-Koki
  • Chandragupta II was succeeded by Kumargupta who laid the foundation of Nalanda University regarded as the first Modern University of India
    • Physical Infra
      • classroom
      • library ( 5L books)
      • hostels
    • Course Infra
      • pre-defined syllabus
      • regular exam
      • promotion based on grades
    • Pre fixed fee

Skandagupta

  • last imp gupta ruler
  • during his tenure, a barbaric tribe Hunas started invasion of the Gupta territories
    • Skandagupta fought and removed threat
  • also added in the Junagarh inscription that he repaired the Sudarshana Lake
  • after his death, Hunas started re-invading under leadership of Tormana & Mihirkula
    • thoroughly looted gupta cities
    • took imp possessions
      • gold coins
      • gold minting machines
    • led to irreversible decline of Guptas
    • by 550AD, Gupta Rule completely disappeared