Questions
Analyze the correlation between Fundamental Duties and the Preamble’s objectives, and assess how the fulfillment of Fundamental Duties contributes to achieving the ideals of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
Evaluate the role of education in promoting awareness and adherence to Fundamental Duties, and explore the linkage between educational policies and the cultivation of a sense of responsibility among citizens.
Examine how the Fundamental Duties act as a moral and ethical compass in governance, and analyze instances where non-compliance with these duties may have implications on public policy and administration.
Assess the relationship between the Fundamental Duties and environmental conservation, exploring how citizen responsibilities contribute to sustainable development and the protection of natural resources.
Analyze the interplay between the Fundamental Duties and constitutional amendments, considering the role of civic engagement and public discourse in shaping amendments that align with the evolving needs of society.
- not part of original constitution
- added Article 51A in Part IVA via 42nd CAA 1976 upon recommendation of Sardar Swaran Singh Committee
- inspired by USSR 🇷🇺
Significance
- reminder to citizens
- warning against anti national & anti social acts
- src of inspiration, discipline
- constitutional validity of laws
- enforceable by other laws
Criticism
- not exhaustive
- taxes
- family planning
- vague, over ambitious, difficult to understand
- ”noble ideas” 🤔
- “scientific temper” 👩🔬
- superfluous inclusion
- reduced value by being Pt IV A rather than Pt. III A (i.e. just after FR)
Verma Committee 1999
Identified parallel legal provisions for implementation of FD
- Prevention of Insults to National Honor Act 1971
- Criminal Laws
- Protection of Civil Rights 1955
- UAPA 1967
- RoPA 1951
- Wildlife Protection Act 1972
- Forest Conservation Act 1980
The Duties
Following are sub-clauses under 51A
- (a): abide by constitution, respect flag, anthem
- (b): cherish noble ideas, freedom struggle
- (c): sovereignty, unity, integrity
- (d): defend nation
- (e): harmony, brotherhood, dignity of women
- (f): preserve rich heritage
- (g): protect / increase natural env
- (h): scientific temper, humanism
- (i): safeguard public property
- (j): excellence in all spheres 🌐
- (k): edu for 6-14 yr children
- added by 86th CAA 2002