- by Atmaram Pandurang with help of KCS
- dominated by UC-WEMC Marathi
- major role of MG Ranade, RG Bhandarkar, KT Telang
- goals: like KCS (gradualism)
- opened branches
- Karachi
- Gujarat
- Madras
- in Telugu areas, Veerasalingam Pantulu set up Society for Widow Remarriage
- but reforms in Madras slow as poor western edu, high casteism